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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION ON HEALTH

YB WEB DESK. Dated: 10/16/2021 2:26:35 PM

VIJAY GARG Traffic and airplane noise and even ringing of telephone or mobile ringtones are associated with adverse health effects. Now scientists have begun to explain how all this noise is affecting our bodies. In 2011, Germany's busiest Frankfurt Airport opened its fourth runway. The increase sparked large-scale protests, with protesters returning to the airport every Monday for years. A year later, a protester told Reuters news agency, "This is ending my life. Every time I go to my garden, all I can hear or see is a plane flying high." Dozens of planes were to take off from the new runway over the home of cardiologist Thomas Munzel at the University Medical Center in Mainz. "I live near the German autobom and the inner city train tracks," he says. "The sound of an airplane is disturbing from afar." Munzel had read a 2009 report by the World Health Organization, which linked noise to heart problems, but there was little evidence at the time. Concerned about its impact on his own health, he turned his attention to research in 2011. Noise has a direct effect on health Loudness has long been associated with deafness. But the noise of planes and cars is a problem beyond the ears. Traffic noise has been cited as a major cause of physical stress, second only to air pollution and almost equal to second-hand smoke (indirect contact with smoke) and radon (a chemical gas). An estimated one-third of people in Europe and the US experience noise levels at an unhealthy level. Over the past decade, a growing body of research has found a link between the noise of aircraft and road traffic and the increased risk of various heart diseases, and scientists have begun to explain the mechanism of this phenomenon. Estimates suggest that an estimated one-third of people in Europe and the US experience noise at an unhealthy level, usually defined at 70 to 90 decibels. Typical conversations for comparison are about 60 decibels, cars and trucks range from 70 to 90, and the sound of sirens (horns) and aircraft can be 120 decibels or more. Numerous studies have linked excessive exposure to the sounds of such environments to an increased risk of heart-related diseases. For example, a study conducted in 2018, which examined the health statistics of more than one million people, found that people who live near Frankfurt Airport have a 7% higher risk of having a heart attack. Compared to people who live in quiet neighborhoods. The effect of sound on the heart A recent report by a team at the European Heart General found that an analysis of about 25,000 cardiac deaths between 2000 and 2015 among people living near Zurich Airport in Switzerland found that There has been a significant increase in nighttime death rates, especially among women, since airplanes took off. Researchers are examining the internal physiology of noise cardiovascular outcomes. The layer can be "dynamic" from a healthy state, and can be inflamed with potentially serious effects. The path from the voice to the blood vessels can do something like this, when the sound reaches the brain, it activates the two parts, the auditory cortex, which blocks the sound, and the amygdala, which manages the emotional response. There is a growing recognition that there is a link between noise pollution and reduced physical health When the voice is loud, especially during sleep, the amygdala triggers the body's flight or fighting reaction, even if the person is not aware of it. Once it begins to respond to stress, the body begins to release hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. Some veins constrict, some swell twice, blood pressure rises, digestion decreases, while sugar and fat increase blood flow for immediate use by the muscles. The cascading stress response also triggers the formation of harmful molecules that cause oxidative stress and irritation in the lining of the blood vessels. This dysfunctional endothelium interferes with blood flow and affects a number of other processes that, when weakened, contribute to a series of heart diseases, including high blood pressure, vascular deposition, obesity and diabetes. Including. Studies in humans and mice have shown that the endothelium does not work even a few days after exposure to nocturnal aircraft noise, suggesting that loud noise is not the only concern. Who are already at risk of heart and digestive problems. According to a 2019 study by Munzel and colleagues, healthy adults experienced rail recordings as soon as they fell asleep, and blood vessel function was immediately affected. Munzel, who also co-authored a review of Noise and Cardiovascular Health, said: It takes months. " Although statistics continue to be collected, it is difficult to give a direct cause and effect. It is not easy to do long-term sleep experiences or to isolate the day or night effects of noise, or to describe the effects of noise and the combined effects of noise and air pollution (which are often combined). Andreas Zairichs, a scientist at King's College London, says the effects of environmental noise are difficult to predict due to the individual nature. Zyrichis studies the hospital's intensive care unit, where the ringing of the telephone and the sound of utensils may be healing or responsive, depending on the patient. "We're really trying to figure out the difference between decibel levels and noise perception," he says. But despite the remaining questions, there is a growing recognition that there is a link between noise pollution and declining physical health. A 2018 WHO report states that every year, Western Europeans collectively lose 1.6 million years of health due to traffic noise. This assessment is based on premature deaths due to direct exposure to noise, as well as disability and illness during years spent in noise. This number may increase. The United Nations estimates that 55 percent of the population lived in cities in 2018 and that number is expected to grow by 7 percent by 2050. Some governments have banned night flights in an effort to reduce the noise of urbanization in response to public protests. Promoting quiet technology and imposing penalties for noise complaints.